Visual and melanopic performance of a tropical daylight-mimicking lighting: a case study in Thailand

This paper designed and developed a tropical daylight-mimicking lighting system based on photometric, radiometric and International Commission on Illumination (CIE) standard melanopic performances from natural lighting cycles in Thailand. Spectral power distribution (SPD) during daylight in summer and winter were recorded to create a dynamic artificial lighting system that best matches the natural daylight characteristics. Two set-ups light emitting diode (LED) (LED-A and LED-B) were screened, developed, validated and compared with different chromaticity layouts of the correlated color temperatures (CCTs) allocated on Planckian locus and later converted to x-y co-ordinates in a chromaticity diagram. Based on CCT and Duv deviations between two developed setups, LED-A could mimick circadian points on the chromaticity diagram better than LED-B did. CCT and Duv values of LED-A (dCCT=3.75% and dDuv=17.36%) can match closer to the daylight than those of LED-B (dCCT=5.0 % and dDuv=56.84%). For CIE-standard melanopic performances (melanopic efficacy of luminous radiation (mELR), melanopic equivalent daylight (D65) illuminance (mEDI) and melanopic daylight efficacy ratio (mDER)), LED-A is suitable to use indoor with averages of 1.16 W×lm-1, 236 lx and 0.84, respectively, while LED-B is good to use outdoor with averages of 1.53 W×lm-1, 266 lx and 1.06, respectively. The proposed design can be used as a guideline to establish a daylight-mimicking LED lighting system from actual measurement data

Interharmonics: Basic concepts and techniques for their detection and measurement

Abstract The term interharmonics refer to those frequencies that are not integral harmonics of the supply fundamental frequency. Although international organizations defined the terminology and proposed measurement guidelines, difficulties still exist in its detection and measurement with acceptable accuracy. When interharmonic components appear in a spectrum, it is still debatable if they really exist and, if the answer is yes, what are the actual frequencies and magnitudes of the components. This paper reviews the mathematical basis of the interharmonics and discusses the difficulties in detecting and measuring interharmonics. A few practical rules are proposed to assist the measurement of interharmonics. Simulations, laboratory experiment and field test results are provided to illustrate the difficulties in interharmonics analysis.